The Japanese tea ceremony, also called the Way of Tea, is aJapanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of matcha, powdered green tea. In Japanese, it is calledchanoyu (茶の湯) or chadō (茶道; also pronounced sadō). The manner in which it is performed, or the art of its performance, is called otemae (お手前; お点前; 御手前). Zen Buddhism was a primary influence in the development of the tea ceremony.
Tea gatherings are classified as ochakai (お茶会) or chaji (茶事).Chakai is a relatively simple course of hospitality that includes the service of confections, thin tea (薄茶 usucha), and perhaps a light meal. Chaji is a more formal gathering, usually with a full-course meal (kaiseki), followed by confections, thick tea (濃茶 koicha), and thin tea. A chaji will likely last at least four hours.
Equipment
Tea equipment is called chadōgu (茶道具). A wide range of chadōgu is available and different styles and motifs are used for different events and in different seasons. All the tools for tea ceremony are handled with exquisite care. They are scrupulously cleaned before and after each use and before storing, and some are handled only with gloved hands.
The following are a few of the essential components:
- Chakin (茶巾). The "chakin" is a small rectangular white linen or hemp cloth mainly used to wipe the tea bowl.
- Tea bowl (茶碗 chawan). Tea bowls are available in a wide range of sizes and styles, and different styles are used for thick and thin tea. Shallow bowls, which allow the tea to cool rapidly, are used in summer; deep bowls are used in winter. Bowls are frequently named by their creators or owners, or by a tea master. Bowls over four hundred years old are in use today, but only on unusually special occasions. The best bowls are thrown by hand, and some bowls are extremely valuable. Irregularities and imperfections are prized: they are often featured prominently as the "front" of the bowl.
- Tea caddy (棗 Natsume). The small lidded container in which the powdered tea is placed for use in the tea-making procedure([お]手前; [お]点前; [御]手前 [o]temae).
- Tea scoop (茶杓 chashaku). Tea scoops generally are carved from a single piece of bamboo, although they may also be made of ivory or wood. They are used to scoop tea from the tea caddy into the tea bowl. Bamboo tea scoops in the most casual style have a nodule in the approximate center. Larger scoops are used to transfer tea into the tea caddy in the mizuya (preparation area), but these are not seen by guests. Different styles and colours are used in various tea traditions.
- Tea whisk (茶筅 chasen). This is the implement used to mix the powdered tea with the hot water. Tea whisks are carved from a single piece of bamboo. There are various types. Tea whisks quickly become worn and damaged with use, and the host should use a new one when holding a chakai or chaji.
Types of Temae
There are many styles of temae (点前, also written as 手前), depending upon the occasion, season, and countless other possible factors.
Chabako temae
Chabako temae (茶箱点前) is so called because the equipment is removed from and then replaced into a special box known as a "chabako" (茶箱, lit. "tea box"). Chabako developed as a convenient way to prepare the necessary equipment for making tea outdoors. There are various styles of chabako temae. The basic equipment contained in thechabako are the tea bowl, tea whisk (kept in a special container), tea scoop and tea caddy, and linen wiping cloth in a special container, as well as a container for little candy-like sweets. Many of the items are smaller than usual, to fit in the box. This ceremony takes approximately 35–40 minutes.
Hakobi-demae
Hakobi-demae (運び点前) is so called because, except for the hot water kettle (and brazier if a sunken hearth is not being used), the essential items for the tea-making, including even the fresh water container, are carried into the tea room by the host as a part of the temae. In other temae, the water jar and perhaps other items, depending upon the style of temae, are placed in the tea room before the guests enter.
O-Bon temae/bonryaku
o-bon temae (お盆手前), bon temae (盆手前), or bonryaku temae (盆略点前) is a simple procedure for makingusucha (thin tea). The tea bowl, tea whisk, tea scoop, chakin and tea caddy are placed on a tray, and the hot water is prepared in a kettle called a tetsubin, which is heated on a brazier. This procedure originated in the Urasenke school. It is usually the first temae learned, and is the easiest to perform, requiring neither much specialized equipment nor a lot of time to complete. It may easily be done sitting at a table, or outdoors, using a thermos pot in place of the tetsubin and portable hearth.
Ryūrei
In the ryūrei (立礼) style, the tea is prepared with the host seated at a special table, and the guests are also seated at tables. It is possible, therefore, for ryūrei-style temae to be conducted nearly anywhere, even outdoors. The name refers to the host's practice of performing the first and last bows while standing. In ryūrei there is usually an assistant who sits near the host and moves the host's seat out of the way as needed for standing or sitting. The assistant also serves the tea and sweets to the guests.
Kaiseki (Cha-Kaiseki)
Kaiseki (懐石) or cha-kaiseki (茶懐石) is a meal served in the context of a formal tea function. In cha-kaiseki, only fresh seasonal ingredients are used, prepared in ways that aim to enhance their flavour. Great care is taken in selecting ingredients and types of food, and the finished dishes are carefully presented on serving ware that is chosen to enhance the appearance and seasonal theme of the meal. Dishes are intricately arranged and garnished, often with real edible leaves and flowers that are to help enhance the flavor of the food. Serving ware and garnishes are as much a part of thekaiseki experience as the food; some might argue that the aesthetic experience of seeing the food is even more important than the physical experience of eating it.The basic constituents of a cha-kaiseki meal are the ichijū sansai (一汁三菜) or "one soup, three side dishes", and the rice, plus the following: suimono, hassun, yutō, and kōnomono. The one soup referred to here is usually miso soup, and the basic three side dishes are the following:- mukōzuke (向こう付け): foods in a dish arranged on the far side of the meal tray for each guest, which is why it is called mukōzuke (lit., "set to the far side"). Often this might be some kind of sashimi. On the near side of the meal tray are arranged the rice and the soup, both in lacquered lidded bowls.
- nimono (煮物): simmered foods, served in individual lidded bowls.
- yakimono (焼き物): grilled foods (usually some kind of fish), brought out in a serving dish for the guests to serve themselves.
- suimono (吸い物): clear soup served in a small lacquered and lidded bowl, to cleanse the palate before the exchange of saké (rice wine) between host and guests. Also referred to as kozuimono (小吸い物) or hashiarai (箸洗い).
- hassun (八寸): a tray of tidbits from mountain and sea that the guests serve themselves to and accompanies the round of saké (rice wine) shared by host and guests. The name derives from the size of the tray.
- yutō (湯桶): pitcher of hot water having slightly browned rice in it, which the guests serve to themselves.
- kōnomono (香の物): pickles that accompany the yutō.
Extra items that may be added to the menu are generally referred to as shiizakana (強い肴), and these attend further rounds of sake. Because the host leaves them with the first guest, they are also referred to as azukebachi (預鉢, lit. "bowl left in another's care").Courses are served in small servings in individual dishes. Each diner has a small lacquered tray to him- or herself; very important people may be provided their own low, lacquered table or several small tables.Because cha-kaiseki generally follows traditional eating habits in Japan, meat dishes are rare.
Taken from wikipedia
In the early 18th century the Turkish "Secret Language of Flowers" was introduced to Europe by Lady Mary Wortley Montague, wife of the British ambassador to Constantinople. Flowers had long been a sign of romance but now lovers were able to send secret messages to each other by means of sending a posy of flowers. Each flower had a specific meaning and the order of arrangement had much to do with the intended "message". The French seem to have taken this idea to heart. In 1819 a French woman writing under the pen name of Madame Charlotte de la Tour (Louise Cortambert), wrote and published "Le Language des Fleurs" which offered seasonal floral and anecdotal advice to those wishing to send "secret" messages to each other.
The following list of flowers comes mainly from that original book but has been augmented to include some common flowers of today as some of those from yesteryear are unknown. Enjoy this glimpse into the past and keep this in mind the next time you send or receive flowers!
Abecedary: Volubility
Abatina: Fickleness
Acacia: Chaste love, Concealed love, Friendship
Acacia, Rose: Friendship
Acacia, Rose or Pink: Elegance
Acacia, Rose or White: Elegance
Acacia, White: Friendship; Ours is a Chaste Love
Acacia, Yellow: Secret love
Acalia: Temperance
Acanthus: Arts
Achillea Millefolia: War
Achimeness: Such worth is rare
Aconite (Wolfsbane): Misanthropy, Treachery
Aconite, Crowfoot: Luster
Acorn: Nordic Symbol of Life and immortality
Adonis, Flos: Painful recollections;
Adonis Vernalis: Bitter memories
African Marigold: Vulgar minded
Agnus Casus (or Castus): Coldness, life without love, Indifference;
Agrimony: Thankfulness, Gratitude
Allspice: My Heart Feels Compassion
Almond: Hope, Giddiness, Heedlessness
Almond (Common): Stupidity, Indiscretion
Almond (Flowering): Hope; I continue to hope
Almond, Laurel: Perfidy
Almond Tree: Stupidity, thoughtlessness
Aloe: Sorrow--Dejection, Superstition,
Bitterness, Grief, Religious superstition;
Alstroemeria: Strength
Althaea Frutes (Syrian Mallow): Persuasion
Althea: Consumed by love
Alyssum, Sweet: Worth beyond beauty
Amaranth: Immortality; Unfading Love
Amaranth (Globe): Immortality; Unfading love
Amaranth (Cockscomb): Foppery; With Affectation
Amaryllis: Splendid beauty, Beautiful but timid; Pride; Pastoral Poetry
Ambrosia: Love returned
American Cowslip: Divine beauty; Beauty divine
American Elm: Patriotism
American Linden: Matrimony
American Star Wort: Welcome to a stranger; Cheerfulness in old age
Amethys (or Amethyst): Admiration; My love for you is undying
Anemone: Anticipation, Expectation
Anemone, Field: Sickness, illness
Anemone, Garden: Forsaken; Withered hopes; Illness
Anemone, Windflower: Desertion; Forsaken
Anemone (Zephyr Flower): Sickness; Expectation
Angelica/Angelica Herb: You are my Inspiration
Angrec: Royalty
Apocynum (Dogbane): Inspiration, Deceit
Apple: Temptation; Let me Tempt you; Give in to Temptation
Apple Blossom: Preference; Fame speaks him great and good; I prefer you
Apple, Thorn: Deceitful charms
Apricot Flower: Doubt, distrust
Arbor vitae: Unchanging friendship; Live for me
Arbutus: Thee only do I love
Arbutus, Trailing: Welcome
Arkansas Coreopsis: Love at first sight
Arum: Ardour/Ardor; Ferocity and deceit
Ash/Ash Tree: Grandeur
Ash-leaved Trumpet Flower: Separation
Ash, Mountain: Prudence
Aspen Tree: Lamentation; Sighing
Asphodel: Regrets beyond the grave; Remembered beyond the tomb; My regrets follow you to the grave
Aster (China): Variety; Afterthought;
Aster, Large flowered: Afterthought; Love of variety;
Auricula, Scarlet: Avarice
Austurtium: Splendour
Autumn Leaves: Melancholy
Azalea: Romance; Temperance; Take Care of Yourself for Me; Chinese Symbol of Womanhood; Fragile Passion; True to the end
Baby's Breath: Ours is an everlasting love
Bachelor's Button: Hope; Single Blessedness; Celibacy; Hope in love
Balm: A cure; Sympathy;
Balm, Gentle: Pleasantry
Balm, Mint: Pleasantry
Balm of Gilead: Healing; I am cured; Relief
Balsam: Impatience; My love for you can't wait
Balsam, Red: Touch me not; Impatient resolves
Balsam, Yellow: Impatience
Balsamine: Impatience
Barberry: Sharpness, satire; Petulance; Ill temper; Sourness of temper
Barberry Tree: Sharpness
Basil: Give me your good wishes; Best Wishes
Bay Leaf: I change but in dying; No change till death; I change but in death
Bay (Rose) Rhododendron: Danger; Beware
Bay Tree: Glory
Bay Wreath: Reward of merit
Bearded Crepis: Protection
Beech: Prosperity; Lovers' tryst
Bee Ophrys: Error
Bee Orchis: Industry
Begonia: Deformed; Beware
Belladonna: Silence
Bell Flower: Constancy; Gratitude
Bell Flower, Pyramidal: Constancy
Bell Flower (small white): Gratitude
Bells of Ireland: Good Luck
Belvedere: I declare against you;
Belvidere, Wild (Licorice): I declare against you;
Betony: Surprise
Bilberry: Treachery
Bindweed: Humility; Night;
Bindweed, Great: Insinuation
Bindweed, Small: Humility
Birch Tree: Gracefulness; Meekness
Birdsfoot Trefoil: Revenge
Bittersweet; Nightshade: Truth
Black Bryony: Be my support
Black Poplar: Courage; Affliction;
Black Thorn: Difficulty
Bladder Tree: Frivolous amusement
Bladder-Nut Tree: Frivolous amusements
Bluebell: Constancy; Kindness; Humility
Blue Bottle: Delicacy
Blue-flowered Greek Valerian: Rupture
Borage: Bluntness; Abruptness; Rudeness
Bonus Henricus: Goodness
Borus Henricus: Goodness
Bouquet of Withered Flowers: Rejected Love
Box/Box Tree: Indifference; Constancy; Stoicism; Constancy in friendship
Bramble: Lowliness; Envy; Remorse
Branch of Currants: You please all
Branch of Thorns: Severity; Rigor
Bridal Rose: Happy love
Briers: Envy
Broken Straw: Constancy
Broom: Humility; Neatness;
Browallia Jamisonii: Could you bear poverty
Buckbean: Calm repose
Bud of White Rose: Heart ignorant of love;
Bugloss: Falsehood
Bulrush: Docility
Bundle of Reeds, with their Panicles: Music
Burdock: Importunity; Touch me not;
Buttercup: Riches; Memories of childhood; Ingratitude; Childishness
Butterfly Orchis: Gaiety
Butterfly Weed: Let me go
Cabbage: Profit
Cacalia: Adulation
Cactus: Thou leavest me; Warmth; Our love shall endure
Calla AEthiopica: Magnificent Beauty
Calla Lilly: Feminine beauty; Delicacy; Modesty;
Calycanthus: Benevolence
Calendula: Constancy
Camellia: Gratitude; Perfect; Loveliness; I shall love you always; Admiration; Gift to a Man
Camellia Japonica, Red: Unpretending excellence
Camellia Japonica, White: Perfected loveliness
Camellia, Pink: Longing for you
Camellia, Red: You're a flame in my heart
Camellia, White: You're adorable
Camomile/Chamomile: Energy in adversity
Canary Grass: Perseverance, determination
Candytuft: Indifference
Canterbury Bell: Gratitude; Constancy; Acknowledgement
Cape Jasmine: I'm too happy;
Cape Jasmine Gardenia: Transport; Ecstasy
Cardamine: Paternal error
Cardinal Flower: Distinction; Preferment
Carnation: Pure and deep love; Pride and beauty; Fascination
Carnation, Deep Red: Alas! for my poor heart
Carnation, Pink: I'll never forget you
Carnation, Purple: Capriciousness
Carnation, Red: My heart aches for you
Carnation, Solid Color: Yes
Carnation, Striped: Refusal; No; Sorry I can't be with you
Carnation, White: Sweet and Lovely; Innocence; Pure Love; Women's Good Luck Gift
Carnation, Yellow: Disdain; Rejection; You have disappointed me
Carrot Flower: Do not refuse me
Catalpa Flower: Beware of the coquette
Catchfly: Snare; Caught at last
Catchfly (Silene), Red: Youthful love
Catchfly, White: I fall a victim; Betrayed
Cattail: Peace; Prosperity
Cedar: Think of me; I live for thee; Strength
Cedar Leaf: I live for thee
Cedar of Lebanon: Incorruptible
Cedar Sprig: Constancy in love; I live for thee
Celandine: Future joy; Many Joys to come
Cereus (Creeping): Modest genius;
Cereus, Night Blooming: Transient Beauty
Centaury Delicacy
Champignon: Suspicion
Checkered Fritillary: Persecution
Cherry: A good education;
Cherry Blossom: Spiritual beauty
Cherry Tree: Good education
Cherry Tree, White: Deception
Chestnut: Do me justice
Chestnut Tree: Do me justice; Luxury;
Chickweed: I cling to thee; Rendezvous; Will you meet me?
Chickory : Frugality; Economy
China Aster: Love of variety; I will think of thee
China Aster, Double: I partake your sentiments
China Aster, Single: I will think of it, deliberation
China, Pink: Aversion
China or Indian Pink: Aversion
China Rose: Beauty always new
Chinese Chrysanthemum: Cheerfulness under adversity
Chorozema Varium: You have many lovers
Christmas Rose: Relieve my anxiety;
Chrysanthemum: You're a wonderful friend; Cheerfulness and Rest
Chrysanthemum, Red: I love
Chrysanthemum, Rose: In love
Chrysanthemum, White: Truth, veracity
Chrysanthemum, Yellow: Slighted love
Cinnamon Tree: Forgiveness of injuries;
Cinquefoil: Beloved child; A beloved daughter; Maternal affection
Cistus, or Rock Rose: Surety; Popular favour
Cistus, Gum: I shall die to-morrow
Citron: Ill-natured beauty;
Clarkia: The variety of your conversation delights me
Clematis: Artifice; Mental beauty
Clematis, Evergreen: Poverty
Clinging Woodbine: Fraternal love
Clotbur: Rudeness; Pertinacity
Clover, Four-leaved: Be mine
Clover, Purple: Providence
Clover, Red: Industry
Clover, White: I promise; Think of me
Cloves: Dignity
Clyanthus: Worldliness
Coboea: Gossip
Cockle: Vain is beauty without merit
Cockscomb Amaranth: Foppery; Affectation; Singularity
Colchium/Colchicum, or Meadow Saffron: My best days fled; My best days are past
Coltsfoot: Justice shall be done you
Columbine: Desertion; Folly
Columbine, Purple: Resolved to win
Columbine, Red: Anxious and trembling; Great anxiety
Convolvulus: Bonds
Convolvulus, Blue (Minor): Repose; Night
Convolvulus Major: Dead hope Extinguished hopes;
Convolvulus Minor: Uncertainty
Convolvulus, Pink: Worth sustained by judicious and tender affection
Corchorus: Impatience of happiness; Impatient of absence
Corcopsis: Love at first sight
Coreopsis: Always cheerful
Coreopsis Arkansas: Love at first sight
Coriander: Hidden merit/value
Corn: Riches; Abundance
Corn, Broken: Quarrel
Corn Bottle: Delicacy
Corn Buttercup: Riches, wealth
Corn Cockle: Gentility
Corn Straw: Agreement
Cornel Tree: Duration
Cornelian Cherry Tree: Continuance; Duration
Coronella: Success crown your wishes
Coronilla: Success to you
Cowslip: Native grace; Pensiveness; Winning grace
Cowslip, American: Divine beauty; You are my divinity
Coxcomb: Foppery
Crab Blossom: Ill-tempered
Cranberry: Cure for heartache;
Crane's Bill: Envy
Creeping Cereus: Horror
Cress : Power; Stability, always reliable
Crocus: Cheerfulness; Abuse not
Crocus, Spring: Youthful gladness
Crocus, Saffron: Mirth
Crowfoot: Ingratitude
Crowfoot (Aconite-leaved): Lustre
Crown Imperial: Majesty; Power; Pride of birth
Crowsbill: Envy
Cuckoo Plant: Ardour
Cuckoo Flower: Paternal Error
Cucumber: Criticism
Cudweed, American Unceasing remembrance;
Currants: You please me; Thy frown will kill me;
Cuscuta: Meanness
Cyclamen: Diffidence; Resignation; Goodbye
Cypress: Death; Mourning; Despair; Mourning;
Cypress and Marigold: Despair
Daffodil: Chivalry; Unequalled love; Regard; I send my regards; You're the only one; The is always shining when I'm with you
Dahlia: Eloquence and dignity; Forever thine
Daisy, Garden: I share your feelings; I share your sentiments
Daisy, Michaelmas: Farewell
Daisy, Party-coloured: Beauty
Daisy, Red: Beauty unknown to possessor
Daisy, Single Field: I will think of it
Daisy, White: Innocence; Loyal Love; I'll never tell; Purity
Daisy, Wild: I will think of it;
Damask Rose: Bashful love; Brilliant complexion;
Dandelion: Rustic oracle; Coquetry; Lover's Oracle; Faithfulness; Happiness
Dandelion Ball: Depart
Daphne Mezereon: I desire to please;
Daphne Odora: I would not have you otherwise;
Darnel (Ray grass): Vice;
Datura: Deceitful charms
Daylily: Coquetry
Dead Leaves: Sadness
Dew Plant: Serenade;
Dianthus: Make haste;
Diosma: Usefulness;
Dittany: Birth;
Dittany of Crete: Birth
Dittany of Crete, White: Passion;
Dittany, White: Passion;
Dock: Patience;
Dodder: Meanness; Baseness;
Dogsbane: Deceit; Falsehood;
Dogwood, Flowering: Am I indifferent to you?; Durability; Our love will endure adversity
Double Daisy: Participation; Enjoyment;
Dragon Plant: A snare;
Dragonwort : Horror; Astonishment;
Dyplidinia Brassinoda: You are too bold;
Ebony: Hypocrisy; Blackness;
Eglantine: I wound to heal;
Elder: Compassion; Zealousness;
Elecampane: Tears;
Elm: Dignity and grace;
Enchanter's Nightshade: Witchcraft; Sorcery;
Endine: Frugality;
Endive: Frugality;
Epigaea, Repens: Budding beauty;
Everflowering Candytuft: Indifference
Eupatorium: Delay;
Evening Primrose: Inconstancy
Evergreen: I will remember you forever
Evergreen Clematis: Poverty; Want;
Evergreen Thorn: Solace in adversity;
Everlasting: I think of thee; Never-ceasing remembrance;
Everlasting Pea: Wilt thou go with me? Lasting pleasure; Go not away;
Fennel: Force; Strength; Worthy all praise
Fern: Fascination; Magic; Sincerity; Confidence and Shelter
Fern, Maidenhair: Sacred Bond of Love
Fever Root: Delay;
Ficoides, Ice Plant: Your looks freeze me; Addresses rejected;
Fig: Argument; Longevity, long-lived;
Fig Marigold: Idleness
Fig Tree: Prolific
Filbert: Reconciliation
Fir: Elevation; Time
Fir Tree: Elevation
Flax: I feel your kindness; I feel your benefits; Domestic Industry;Fate; I am sensible of your kindness
Flax-leaved: Tardiness
Fleur-de-lis: Flame; I burn;
Fleur-de-Luce: Fire;
Flora's Bell: Without pretension
Flos, Adonis: Painful recollections;
Flowering Fern: Reverie;
Flowering Reed: Confide in heaven;
Flowering Rush: Confidence in Heaven
Flower-of-an-Hour: Delicate beauty
Flytrap: Deceit; Artifice
Fools' Parsley: Silliness;
Forget-me-not: True love; Do not forget; Memories
Forsythia: Anticipation
Fox Glove: I am ambitious only for you; Insincerity; A wish;
Foxtail Grass: Sporting
Francisca Latifolia: Beware of a false friend
Fraxinella: Fire
Freesia: Trust
French Honeysuckle: Rustic beauty;
French Marigold: Jealousy
French Willow: Bravery and humanity;
Fritillaria (Guinea-hen Flower): Persecution
Frog Ophrys: Disgust
Fuchsia: Humble love; The ambition of my love thus plagues itself
Fuchsia, Scarlet: Taste
Fuller's Teasel: Misanthropy
Fumitory Spleen; Hatred
Furze: Anger; Love for all seasons
Garden Anemone: Forsaken;
Garden Chervil: Sincerity;
Garden Daisy: I partake your sentiments;
Gardenia: Transport; Ecstasy; Secret Love; You're Lovely
Garden Marigold: Sacred affection; Uneasiness;
Garden Ranunculus: You are rich in attractions;
Garden Sage: Esteem;
Garland of Roses: Reward of virtue;
Garlic: Courage; Strength
Gentian: Intrinsic worth; Integrity;
Gentian, Fringed: Intrinsic worth;
Geranium, General: Comfort
Geranium, Apple: Present preference; Facility;
Geranium, Dark: Melancholy
Geranium, Ivy: Your hand for next dance; Bridal favour; I engage you for the next dance
Geranium, Lemon: Unexpected meeting
Geranium, Nutmeg: I expect a meeting; Expected meeting;
Geranium, Oak: Lady, deign to smile; A melancholy mind;
Geranium, Oak-leaf: True friendship;
Geranium, Pencilled: Ingenuity;
Geranium, Rose: Preference; I prefer you;
Geranium, Scarlet: Silliness; Comforting; Stupidity;
Geranium, Silver-leaf: Recall
Geranium, Wild: Steadfast piety;
Germander Speedwell: Facility
Gillyflower: Bonds of affection;Lasting beauty
Gillyflower, Common: Lasting Beauty;
Gillyflower, Stock: Promptness
Gladiolus : Ready armed; Preparedness; Flower of the Gladiators; Give me a break, I'm really sincere
Glory Flower: Glorious beauty; Glory;
Gloxinia: Love at First Sight
Glycine: Your friendship is agreeable to me
Goat's Rue: Reason
Gold Basket: Tranquility
Golden Rod: Encouragement; Precaution;
Gooseberry: Anticipation
Goosefoot: Goodness
Gorse (or Furze): Endearing affection; Anger; Our Friendship is enduring
Gourd: Extend; Bulk
Grammanthes: Your temper is too hasty;
Grape: Charity; Intemperance;
Grape Vine: Intemperance
Grass: Utility; Submission; Usefulness;
Great Yellow Daffodil: Chivalry
Greek Valerian: Rupture
Guelder Rose: Winter; Age; Good news
Gum Cistus: I shall die to-morrow
Hand Flower Tree: Warning
Harebell: Grief; Retirement; Submission;
Hawkweed: Quicksightedness
Hawthorn: Hope
Hazel: Reconciliation
Hazelnut/Filbert: I would like to reconcile
Heart's Ease: Think of me;
Heart's Ease, Purple: You occupy my thoughts;
Heath: Solitude
Heather, Lavender: Admiration; Solitude
Heather, White: Protection; Wishes will Come True
Helenium: Tears
Heliotrope: I adore you; Devotion;
Heliotrope, Peruvian: I love; Devotion; Faithfulness; Infatuation, Adoration
Hellebore: Scandal; Calumny;
Helmet Flower (Monkshood): Knight-errantry
Hemlock: You will be my death;
Hemp: Fate
Henbane: Blemish; Fault; Imperfection;
Hepatica: Confidence
Hibiscus: Delicate beauty
Hoarhound: Fire
Holly: Domestic happiness; Am I forgotten?; Foresight; Defense
Holly Herb: Enchantment
Hollyhock: Fruitfulness; Fecundity; Ambition;
Hollyhock, White: Female ambition
Honesty (Lunaria): Sincerity; Honesty; Fascination;
Honey Flower: Sweet and secret love;
Honeysuckle: Spirit vision; The bond of love; Devoted love; Fidelity Generous and devoted affection;
Honeysuckle, Coral: The colour of my fate;
Honeysuckle (French): Rustic beauty;
Honeysuckle, Monthly: I will not answer hastily; Domestic happiness;
Honeysuckle, Wild: Devoted love
Hop: Injustice
Hornbeam : Ornament
Hornbeam Tree: Ornament, a treasure
Horse-Chestnut: Luxury
Hortensia: You are cold;
House-Leek: Domestic economy; Vivacity;
Houstania: Innocence; Content;
Houstonia: Content
Hoya (Wax Plant): Sculpture
Humble Plant: Despondency; Humility;
Hundred-leaved Rose: Dignity of mind;
Hyacinth: Jealousy Constancy; Benevolence; Sports & Games; Play; Rashness; Flower Dedicated to Apollo
Hyacinth, Blue: Constancy
Hyacinth, Purple: Sorrow; I am Sorry; Please Forgive Me
Hyacinth, Red or Pink: Play
Hyacinth, White: Unobtrusive loveliness; I'll pray for you
Hyacinth, Yellow: Jealousy
Hydrangea: Heartlessness; Vain-glory; Thank you for Understanding
Hyssop: Cleanliness
Iceland Moss: Health
Ice Plant: Your looks freeze me
Indian Cress: Resignation; Warlike trophy;
Indian Jasmine (Ipomoea): Attachment; I attach myself to you;
Indian Pink (Double): Always lovely;
Indian Plum: Privation;
Ipomaca: I attach myself to you;
Iris: I have a message for you; Fleur-de-lis, Emblem of France; Your friendship means so much to me; Faith; Hope; Wisdom and Valour; My Compliments
Iris, Common Garden: A message for thee;
Iris, German: Flame
Iris, Yellow: Flame
Ivy: Fidelity; Marriage; Wedded Love; Friendship; Affection
Ivy Leaf: Friendship
Ivy, Sprig of, with tendrils: Assiduous to please;
Ivy Tendrils: Assiduous to please
Ivy Vine: Matrimony, marriage
Jacob's Ladder: Come down
Japan Rose: Beauty is your only attraction;
Jasmine: Amiability; You are cheerful and graceful
Jasmine, Cape: Transport of joy;
Jasmine, Carolina: Separation
Jasmine, Indian: I attach myself to you;
Jasmine, Spanish: Sensuality
Jasmine, White: Amiability
Jasmine, Yellow: Grace and elegance
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